Volume 03, Issue 01: December, 2020
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://dspace.ciu.edu.bd:4000/handle/123456789/23
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Item Volatility in Cryptocurrency Market – Before and During Covid-19 Pandemic(CIU Journal, 2020-12-01) Emon Kalyan Chowdhury1This paper aims to measure the nature of volatility in the cryptocurrency market before and during Covid-19 pandemic period. To achieve this goal, the Wald test, Granger Causality and Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (1,1) have been applied considering the daily US dollar dominated closing prices of 15 leading cryptocurrencies and volatility index (VIX- CBOE) from 1 January, 2019 to 5 June, 2020. The presence of structural breaks in all the selected cryptocurrencies is observed which result in erroneous forecasting in cryptocurrency market. The small size of cryptocurrency market hinders the risk diversification. It is further noticed that cryptocurrencies are exposed to the systematic bubble risks and therefore it is very unpredictable. Inclusion of cryptocurrencies in the portfolio along with conventional instruments like stocks, bonds, precious metals, commodities, and paper currencies may gear up the overall return on investment and increase the possibility of risk diversification if necessary investment precautions are taken.Item Performance Requirements and the BITs of Bangladesh and Malaysia: A Comparison(CIU Journal, 2020-12-01) Mohammad Belayet Hossain1, Asmah Laili Bt Yeon2, Ahmad Shamsul Bin Abd. Aziz3In absence of any global treaty, the BITs are playing an important role of regulating FDI in the host countries. According to UNCTAD, 2361 BITs are in force and like other members of the WTO, both Bangladesh and Malaysia also signed their BITs to facilitate trade. The primary purpose of economic globalization is the economic development of the developing and least-developed countries as well as the facilitation of benefits of the home states. In this article, the BITs signed between Bangladesh- Malaysia and by both Bangladesh and Malaysia with the same countries shall be analysed. The findings of this study will show that both Bangladesh and Malaysia BITs has provisions of protecting FDI but has no specific reference to performance requirements (except Malaysia-Germany BIT). This is significant because without written regulations, it will be difficult to take legal action against the MNEs. Therefore, the government should emphasize on this important factor while signing any future BITs. Recommendations are provided for consideration.Item Factors Affecting Pay-out Policy: A Panel Data Study on Selected Bangladeshi Companies(CIU Journal, 2020-12-01) Mohammad Nayeem Abdullah1, Jyotirmoy Saha2Considering dividend payout as one of the most major financial decisions that the firms need to make to reward the stakeholders and optimizing the value of the firm, the paper aims to identify the factors affecting the dividend payment decision in a particular year by constructing two empirical models. Estimation results using an unbalanced panel data of 196 companies from 17 sectors over the period 2003-2015 listed in Chittagong Stock Exchange, Bangladesh, reveal that previous year’s dividend and current EPS and age of the firm positively affects the decision to pay or not to pay dividends; while high public ownership negatively affects the payment decision of dividends. On the other hand, only amount of dividends paid last year and current year’s EPS are found to have positive and significant effect on dividend per share paid this year. The dividend payment policy is found to vary across different sectors and time periods. The paper establishes a new baseline from which further statistically rigorous studies can be undertaken to formulate and implement policies for a growing market with untapped growth potential.Item Modernist Soundscape in Katherine Mansfield’s “The Wind Blows”(CIU Journal, 2020-12-01) Mohammad Shahidul Islam Chowdhury1This paper focuses on the extent of soundscape in shaping individuality in selected short stories of Katherine Mansfield. Shifting from New Zealand to England, she explores not only the opportunity it renders but also the anxiety it pushes forward. Whereas many modernist authors traverse the human condition from diversified perspectives, Mansfield does it from her own experience rooted in geographic relocation. In a number of her epiphanic short stories, soundscape has a crucial functionality in deciphering the psychology of an individual in the juncture of modernity. She optimises sound circumferentially so that a character can have silent auditory experience or voiced impression of individual consciousness. Sound helps one determine how one can respond to certain elements in a given or lived space and time. Such response can be mesmerizing as in "The Wind Blows." In other words, sound, in its variegated form, helps denominate social interaction and discrete sensation through the blending of audible and inaudible engagement or detachment as exemplified in a particular soundscape. This paper aims to find the scope of soundscape in fashioning a character within the domain of modernist spatiality and temporality.Item Design and Analysis of Optical Planar Waveguide by Tapering Approach for Mid-infrared Supercontinuum Generation(CIU Journal, 2020-12-01) M R Karim1, Nayem Al Kayed2, Md. Rabiul Hossain3, Golap Kanti Dey4Varying dispersion and nonlinearity by tapering the thickness of a planar waveguide along the pulse propagation direction instead of keeping it uniform, create an opportunity to extend the supercontinuum spectral coverage further into the mid-infrared region. In this work, we numerically proposed a 5-mm-long group-velocity dispersion tailored silicon-rich nitride tapered waveguide for wideband supercontinuum coverage in the mid-infrared. Applying 50 fs FWHM sech pulses at the center of 1.55 µm wavelength with a relatively low input power of 50 W, it was possible to achieve supercontinuum coverage from 0.8 µm to 9 µm by our proposed design. Besides, the results obtained using our proposed waveguide show that tapering the geometry enhances the supercontinuum coverage approximately 90% compared to a uniform waveguide of the same length. To the best of our knowledge, this would be the widest spectrum demonstrated ever using the tapered waveguide structure proposed so far. It may enable some spectacular mid-infrared region applications such as spectroscopic measurement, biomedical imaging, optical coherence tomography as well as sensing applications, etc.Item In Search of Development and Governance: Practice and Challenges in a Globalized World(CIU Journal, 2020-12-01) Ahmed Shafiqul Huque 1The idea of development was recognized as a tool for helping countries to achieve progress in establishing and sustaining economic and political systems and improving living conditions for citizens. For several decades, scholars and practitioners were optimistic of the success of the tool and some progress was achieved in some areas. A serious assessment of development revealed that it has not met the high expectations and, in fact, contributed to worse conditions for certain groups of people across the developing world. Several changes in the world system and the advent of globalization, in particular, distorted the outcome of many development efforts. Uneven results and disillusionment with development led analysts to consider the potentials of good governance that could contribute to the improvement of conditions by emphasizing a number of values such as accountability, transparency, adherence to rule of law, equity and efficiency. However, it is unrealistic to expect one single model of development or a prescribed strategy for attaining good governance in a globalized world. The article argues that it is time to recognize the inherent diversities across political, economic and social systems and recognize differences to build on strengths derived from indigenous traditions, cultures and practices