Volume 04, Issue 01: December, 2021
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://dspace.ciu.edu.bd:4000/handle/123456789/24
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Item Book Review: Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay, The Tale of Hansuli Turn. New York: Columbia University Press, 2011, 405 pp., ISBN 9780231520225(CIU Journal, 2021-12-01) Book Reviewed by Shah AhmedItem Teaching Writing at Tertiary Level: EFL/ESL Teachers’ Perceptions and Practices(CIU Journal, 2021-12-01) Shakila Mustaque1This article from the practitioner’s perspective presents the findings of a mixed method research that is designed to form an idea about teaching writing in the EFL/ESL context at the tertiary level in Bangladesh. Data were collected from the tertiary level EFL/ESL teachers’ practices and perceptions about L2 writing. The findings show that the classroom practices of teachers reflect their perceptions about teaching writing. There is lack of awareness among them about the current approach to writing, and consequently, their pedagogy is conventional. There is corroborating evidence that EFL/ESL teachers’ unfamiliarity with the process approach in teaching writing has made them teach writing in the traditional manner following the product approach. Suggestions are made to make teachers familiar with the process approach of teaching writing. It is also recommended that participation in different training programmes, seminars, and workshops can enrich the writing and assist teachers to incorporate innovative techniques in their pedagogy. The findings of this study have significant implications for the policy makers, teachers and other relevant stakeholders in Bangladesh setting.Item The Rise and Codification of International Humanitarian Law: Historical Evolution(CIU Journal, 2021-12-01) Mohammad Aktarul Alam Chowdhury1, Md. Hasnath Kabir Fahim2International Humanitarian Law (IHL), also termed as the law of war, is a significant branch of public international law having an aim to mitigate the sufferings of civilians victimized by war or safeguarding those not or no longer getting involved in hostilities regardless of justification of war and to limit the use of weapons in warfare. Historically, the regional communities from the ancient period used to follow various norms of war based on their usages and religions even before the commencement of any lobally accepted law. In the course of time, the progress in the field of science and modern technology has brought drastic change in the nature of armors and war strategies. The implementation of IHL is – however under severe threat and the protected persons are indebted to tolerate untold disasters like death – physical wound and extensive annihilation of their shelters and livelihoods. This article has firstly chosen to explore numerous ancient laws of armed conflict prescribed by religions, usages and local practices. It then highlights on the codification of IHL through the arrangement of four Geneva Conventions and three Additional Protocols. Lastly, the study addresses the success and implementation of IHL by formulating legislations on war in the national legal regime.Item Letting It All Out: Kamala Das and Confessional Poetry(CIU Journal, 2021-12-01) Jainab Tabassum Banu Sonali1This paper intends to bring out Kamala Das’s unconventional way of letting her mind out by composing poetry in an uninhibited, confessional and courageous way. Das is considered controversial and often misunderstood for her confessional poetry, a poetic genre which exhibits poet’s personal involvement as well as secret life. She boldly brings out her intensely personal experiences including her journey from girlhood to womanhood, her quest for true love both in and outside of her marital bond, her eternal feminine sexual hunger and man-woman relationship as she has perceived. Her autobiography My Story (2010), in which she narrates her private and secret stories, clearly backs up her confessional poetry. This paper endeavors to interpret Das’s poems as confessional poetry by referring to relevant scholarly articles and interpreting a few poems of Das.Item Gateways to Positive Washback of Language Testing: A Review of the Factors that Contribute to Washback Effects(CIU Journal, 2021-12-01) Asiqur Rahman1The ways language testing influence the process and scope of language teaching and learning are generally known as washback or backwash effects. Washback may be positive or negative depending on multifarious factors. However, this study aims to identify the most effective ways to maximize the positive washback and minimize the negative washback of language testing. Drawing on a body of washback studies, this qualitative research concludes that the most vital factors that lead to positive or negative washback are related to the test types, process of test development, the ways of scoring, and socio-economic influencesItem The Idea of Management in Government: Evolution of the Concepts and Implications for Reform(CIU Journal, 2021-12-01) Moslehuddin Chowdhury Khaled1Debates about public-private similarity and dissimilarity go on due to “isomorphic mimicry” and unexpectedly lower results with management in government or public sector reforms. The fundamental concern about the government globally is how to make government work better for citizens more effectively, efficiently and economically while creating more value for the public. The core objective of this article is to develop a theoretical proposition of the “Management in Government” (MIG) discourse in a contemporary context by discussing its roots, evolution and convergence with modern management. To achieve this objective, we comprehensively followed and reviewed the literature focused on the emergence and evolution of “managerial effectiveness” and “operational efficiency” through historical analysis. This is important because the quality of reforms in government both in terms of design, implementation, and success, depends largely on this proposition and alignment. If reforms are to work, the theoretical foundation of management in government has to be based on the belief that “management in government” can be improved, despite debates around the concepts and constructs. Thus theoretically, it has become imperative that “management in government” is discussed as a functional discipline within management having customized the systems, processes, and mechanism, including people management.Item Evaluation of Deep Neural Networks for Predicting Optical Properties of Silicon-rich Silicon Nitride Waveguide(CIU Journal, 2021-12-01) M R Karim1, Abrar Hussain2, Al Kayed3, B M A Rahman4Deep learning (DL) has recently emerged as a potential platform for estimating linear and nonlinear optical phenomena of waveguides due to its high computational power, high-level structures and flexible usages. In this work, we performed a comparative analysis of four DL based Deep Neural Network (DNN) configurations for predicting and analyzing the effective mode area of a planar Silicon-rich Silicon Nitride (SRN) waveguide, its nonlinear coefficient, effective index and dispersion in the wavelength range of 0.65 µm – 3.05 µm, waveguide core width of 1 µm – 5 µm and waveguide height of 0.3 µm –0.4 µm. We found that out of four DNN structures analyzed, ELU-ELU-ReLU-70-9000 structure showed superior performance in terms of mean squared error values. The computational time required with deep neural network (for training) and finite-element method (FEM) solutions is also compared and found that the training time of DNN structures increased with a number of epochs and due to the ReLU activation function. This simple and fast-training DNN employed here predict the output for unfamiliar parameter setting of the optical waveguide faster than traditional numerical simulation techniques.Item Historical Influence on English Language Education at Secondary Level in Bangladesh: Insights from Policymakers(CIU Journal, 2021-12-01) S M Akramul Kabir1English language education has been in practice in Bangladesh over the last 250 years. This article provides a critical account of the aims of English language education as well as of the problems that obstruct the realisation of those aims. Bangladesh inherits historical influences for the policy and practice of the English language. This historic review is necessary as there is a lack of comprehensive accounts or critiques of English language education in Bangladesh. Therefore, it is important to understand the historical traces of English language education. In-depth interviews with policymakers were qualitatively analysed to interpret the understandings, intentions, and expectations of the policymakers and for English language education. The article finds the colonial influence on secondary English education in Bangladesh. Although English for Today (EfT) textbooks are aligned to the curriculum for the inclusion of oral skills, they are not fully functional in classroom practice and the assessment process due to the colonial influence. The article suggests future directions for policy and practice of secondary English language education to meet the needs of the Bangladeshi context. As the findings are only based on policymakers’ perspectives, it requires further research from practitioners’ perspectives to explore new insights.